Natural feed additives are used to maintain health and to promote performance of pigs without antibiotics. Effects of a probiotic, inulin, and their combination (synbiotic), on the microbial diversity and composition at different intestinal locations were analysed using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), real-time PCR, and 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing. Bacterial diversity assessed by DGGE and/or pyrosequencing was increased by inulin in all three gut locations and by the synbiotic in the caecum and colon. In contrast, the probiotic did only affect the microbiota diversity in the ileum. Shifts in the DGGE microbiota profiles of the caecum and colon were detected for the pro- and synbiotic fed animals, whereas inulin profiles were more similar to the ones of the control. 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing revealed that all three additives could reduce Escherichia species in each gut location, indicating a potential beneficial effect on the gut microbiota. An increase of relative abundance of Clostridiaceae in the large intestine was found in the inulin group and of Enterococcaceae in the ileum of probiotic fed pigs. Furthermore, real-time PCR results showed that the probiotic and synbiotic increased bifidobacterial numbers in the ileum, which was supported by sequencing results. The probiotic and inulin, to different extents, changed the diversity, relative abundance of phylotypes, and community profiles of the porcine microbiota. However, alterations of the bacterial community were not uniformly between gut locations, demonstrating that functionality of feed additives is site specific. Therefore, gut sampling from various locations is crucial when investigations aim to identify the composition of a healthy gut microbiota after its manipulation through feed additives.
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Impact of a probiotic, inulin, or their combination on the piglets’ microbiota at different intestinal locations
V.A. Sattler Related information
1University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Department for Agrobiotechnology, IFA Tulln, Konrad-Lorenz Strasse 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
*verityann. sattler@boku. ac. at
, K. Bayer Related information*verityann.
1University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Department for Agrobiotechnology, IFA Tulln, Konrad-Lorenz Strasse 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
, G. Schatzmayr Related information2BIOMIN Research Center, Technopark 1, 3430 Tulln, Austria
, A.G. Haslberger Related information3University of Vienna, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
, V. Klose Related information2BIOMIN Research Center, Technopark 1, 3430 Tulln, Austria
Beneficial Microbes: 6
(4)- Pages: 473 - 483
Published Online: February 12, 2015
Abstract
Keywords: pig intestine, feed additives, bifidobacteria, PCR, 16S amplicon sequencing
2022 Journal Impact Factor
5.4
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