In the present work, phytochemical compounds and antioxidant activities of three aqueous, ethanolic (50 and 80%, v/v) and methanolic (50 and 80%, v/v) extracts of saffron during 1 and 24 h of shaking time were compared. Results showed that the ethanolic solution (80%, v/v) extracted for 24 h had the highest amounts of phenolic compounds (29.2 g gallic acid (Gal)/g dry weight (DW)), followed by 1 h aqueous extract (17.53 mg Gal/g DW) and 1 h methanol extract (50%, v/v, 14.5 mg Gal/g DW). The total flavonoid contents for all extracts were varied from 0.20 to 0.56 mg quercetin/g DW. Although all the extracts were capable to scavenge the 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free-radical, ethanolic extract was found to be the best antioxidant activity (84.22%). Solvent type and extraction time had significant effects on the antioxidant capacities and phytochemical contents of the saffron extracts. A significant positive correlation was found between the antioxidant activity, total phenolic (r2=0.991) and flavonoid (r2=0.996) contents (P<0.05) for 24 h the extracted extracts. High performance liquid chromatography analysis also demonstrated that the components amounts of crocins, picrocrocin and safranal were varied in the saffron samples extracted from the different solvents.
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Research-Article
Comparison of phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activities of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of saffron
S. Rahaiee Related information
1 Department of Food Science, Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 4111, Karaj 31587-77871, Iran
, M. Hashemi Related information2 Department of Microbial Biotechnology and Biosafety, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Shahid Fahmideh street, P.O. Box 31535-1897, Karaj, Iran
, S. Moini Related information1 Department of Food Science, Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 4111, Karaj 31587-77871, Iran
, S. Abbas Shojaosadati Related information3 Biotechnology Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modarres University, P.O. Box 14115-143, Tehran 82883803, Iran
, S. H. Razavi Related information1 Department of Food Science, Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 4111, Karaj 31587-77871, Iran
Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods: 7
(4)- Pages: 521 - 529
Published Online: April 07, 2015
Abstract
Keywords: saffron, extraction, phytochemical compounds, antioxidant behaviour
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