As fish has been known for its high protein content and other health benefits, aquaculture production has started to flourish in Serbia. Common carp is the predominant species being farmed, comprising more than 80% of the total fish production in Serbia. The primary ingredients in fish feed are plant-based products, which present a risk of mycotoxin contamination, posing a potential risk to consumers. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the mycotoxin status of carp aquaculture in Serbia. At the beginning of the feeding season, May to June 2019, 27 samples of feed ingredients, 8 of finished feed and 14 of edible fish meat were analysed. The fish feed and feed ingredients were sampled from local producers, while the fish were sampled from fish farms that were reported to use the sampled feed. The feed ingredients were locally produced maize and maize products, sunflower meal, soybean and soybean products, wheat, bone meal, yeast and distillers dried grains with solubles, which were ground together, mixed and pelleted in different sizes. All samples were tested for the presence of aflatoxins (aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), B2, G1 and G2), ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, fumonisins (fumonisin B1 and B2), HT-2 and T-2 toxins. The most prevalent mycotoxins were OTA (91.4%), fumonisin B1+B2 (68.6%) and AFB1 (48.6%). Only one sample of the plant-based ingredients was below limit of quantification (LOQ), and more than 85% of the samples had more than one mycotoxin detected, ranging from 0.43 μg/kg of AFB1 to 3,168.5 μg/kg of fumonisin B1+B2. However, all the samples of edible fish meat were under the LOQ. We suggest that further research should be conducted on the effects of co-occurring mycotoxins; we also recommend stricter regulations on fish feed to reduce the impacts of mycotoxins on fish health and productivity.
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Occurrence and transfer of mycotoxins from ingredients to fish feed and fish meat of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in Serbia
N. Rokvić Related information
1Institute of Veterinary Medicine of Serbia, Janisa Janulisa 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
*Corresponding author: rokvic21@yahoo. com
, K. Aksentijević Related information*Corresponding author: rokvic21@yahoo.
2Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Oslobođenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
, J. Kureljušić Related information1Institute of Veterinary Medicine of Serbia, Janisa Janulisa 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
, M. Vasiljević Related information3Patent co., Vlade Ćetkovića 1A, 24211 Mišićevo, Serbia.
, N. Todorović Related information3Patent co., Vlade Ćetkovića 1A, 24211 Mišićevo, Serbia.
, N. Zdravković Related information1Institute of Veterinary Medicine of Serbia, Janisa Janulisa 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
, N. Stojanac Related information4Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
World Mycotoxin Journal: 13
(4)- Pages: 545 - 552
Published Online: October 13, 2020
Abstract
Keywords: mycotoxicosis, aquaculture, plant ingredients
2023 Journal Impact Factor
2.0
source: Journal Impact Factor 2023™ from Clarivate™
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