Penicillium roqueforti produces mycotoxins including PR toxin, which is a food and feed contaminant. In this study, PR toxin was purified from culture material of the Penicillium roqueforti F43-1 strain. Toxic effects were evaluated in undifferentiated human Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells and THP-1 monocytic immune cells. To understand the mechanisms involved in PR-toxin toxicity, cell death and pro-inflammatory gene expression were studied. In addition, PR toxin degradation was assessed. Cytotoxicity studies showed a dose-dependent effect of PR toxin and the calculated mean cytotoxic concentration (IC50) concentrations were for Caco-2 and THP-1 cells >12.5 and 0.83 μM, respectively. Gene expression studies showed that tumour necrosis factor-α expression was significantly increased after 24 h exposure to 312 μM PR toxin. PR toxin induced necrosis on THP-1 cells after 3 h exposure. In the cell culture system, the PR toxin showed a 10-fold reduction in PR toxin concentration within 48 h, indicating that PR toxin was degraded by THP-1. To conclude, PR toxin appears to be one of the most cytotoxic P. roqueforti mycotoxins on Caco-2 and/or THP-1 cells and induces in THP-1 cells both necrosis and an inflammatory response.
Effect of PR toxin on THP1 and Caco-2 cells: an in vitro study
N. Hymery Related information
1Université de Brest, EA 3882, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, IBSAM, ESIAB, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France.
*Corresponding author: nolwenn. hymery@univ-brest. fr
, O. Puel Related information*Corresponding author: nolwenn.
2Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France.
, S. Tadrist Related information2Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France.
, C. Canlet Related information2Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France.
3MetaToul-MetaboHUB, National Infrastructure of Metabolomics and Fluxomics, 31027 Toulouse Cedex, France.
, H. Le Scouarnec Related information3MetaToul-MetaboHUB, National Infrastructure of Metabolomics and Fluxomics, 31027 Toulouse Cedex, France.
1Université de Brest, EA 3882, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, IBSAM, ESIAB, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France.
, E. Coton Related information1Université de Brest, EA 3882, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, IBSAM, ESIAB, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France.
, M. Coton Related information1Université de Brest, EA 3882, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Microbienne, IBSAM, ESIAB, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, 29280 Plouzané, France.
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2023 Journal Impact Factor
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